Family-tree relationships can help to narrow down the date when lineages first appeared. The Egyptian King's name is given next to the date obtained. Yet another change occurs in carnivores whose bone collagen is enriched by an additional 1 part per mil.
Age determinations can also be obtained from carbonate deposits such as calcite, dissolved carbon dioxide, and carbonates in ocean, lake, and groundwater sources. Each result was within the statistical range of the true historic date of each sample. All of the points fitted within statistical range. Upward flow of deep ocean water also brings ancient, non-radioactive carbon to the surface waters.